Who is required to prepare an e-invoice?

All businesses registered for VAT in the UAE are required to prepare e-invoices for B2B and B2G transactions. This obligation extends even to micro businesses with an annual turnover below AED 3 million, meaning size does not exempt a company from compliance. Non-resident businesses that supply taxable goods or services in the UAE are also included under the mandate. The only current exception applies to B2C transactions, which remain out of scope for now but may be brought under the e-invoicing framework in the future.